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- $Unique_ID{BRK03516}
- $Pretitle{}
- $Title{Bartter's Syndrome}
- $Subject{Bartter's Syndrome Aldosteronism With Normal Blood Pressure
- Hyperaldosteronism Without Hypertension Juxtaglomerular Hyperplasia
- Hyperaldosteronism With Hypokalemic Alkatosis Renal Tubular Acidosis (RTA)
- Fanconi's Anemia}
- $Volume{}
- $Log{}
-
- Copyright (C) 1988, 1989 National Organization for Rare Disorders, Inc.
-
- 589:
- Bartter's Syndrome
-
- ** IMPORTANT **
- It is possible that the main title of the article (Bartter's Syndrome) is
- not the name you expected. Please check the SYNONYM listing to find the
- alternate names and disorder subdivisions covered by this article.
-
- Synonyms
-
- Aldosteronism With Normal Blood Pressure
- Hyperaldosteronism Without Hypertension
- Juxtaglomerular Hyperplasia
- Hyperaldosteronism With Hypokalemic Alkatosis
-
- Information on the following diseases can be found in the Related
- Disorders section of this report:
-
- Renal Tubular Acidosis (RTA)
- Fanconi's Anemia
-
- General Discussion
-
- ** REMINDER **
- The information contained in the Rare Disease Database is provided for
- educational purposes only. It should not be used for diagnostic or treatment
- purposes. If you wish to obtain more information about this disorder, please
- contact your personal physician and/or the agencies listed in the "Resources"
- section of this report.
-
- Bartter's Syndrome is a rare metabolic disease involving the kidneys.
- Major symptoms may include slowed growth, weakness, excessive thirst and
- excessive urination.
-
- Symptoms
-
- Bartter's Syndrome is characterized by the excessive loss of potassium
- through the kidneys. Too much of the enzyme known as renin is released into
- the blood. Other symptoms may include mental retardation, weakness,
- dwarfism, and cramping of the muscles in the legs and arms.
-
- Causes
-
- Some researchers believe the disorder may be inherited as an autosomal
- recessive trait. (Human traits including the classic genetic diseases, are
- the product of the interaction of two genes for that condition, one received
- from the father and one from the mother. In recessive disorders, the
- condition does not appear unless a person inherits the same defective gene
- for the same trait from each parent. If a person receives one normal gene
- and one gene for the disease, the person will be a carrier for the disease,
- but usually will show no symptoms. The risk of transmitting the disease to
- the children of a couple, both of whom are carriers for a recessive disorder,
- is twenty-five percent. Fifty percent of their children will be carriers,
- but healthy as described above. Twenty-five percent of their children will
- receive both normal genes, one from each parent and will be genetically
- normal).
-
- Recent studies have indicated an increased prostaglandin synthesis by the
- kidney or a defect in chloride reabsorption in the kidney.
-
- Affected Population
-
- Bartter's Syndrome affects children more frequently than adults but it has
- been reported to occur at all ages. Males and females are affected in equal
- numbers.
-
- Related Disorders
-
- Symptoms of the following disorders can be similar to those of Bartter's
- Syndrome. Comparisons may be useful for a differential diagnosis:
-
- Renal Tubular Acidosis (RTA) is characterized by the impaired ability of
- the kidney to secrete hydrogen or to reabsorb bicarbonate which can lead to
- chronic metabolic acidosis accompanied by potassium depletion. Softening of
- the bones (osteomalacia) or rickets may also occur.
-
- Fanconi's Anemia can be either inherited or acquired, and is often
- associated with cystinosis, or renal proximal tubular dysfunction including,
- sugar in the urine (glucosuria), phosphate in the urine (phosphaturia), amino
- acids in the urine (aminoaciduria), and bicarbonate wasting. (For more
- information on this disorder, choose "Fanconi" as your search term in the
- Rare Disease Database).
-
- Therapies: Standard
-
- Treatment of Bartter's Syndrome consists of preventing the loss of excessive
- amounts of potassium. Albumin and aldosterone antagonists are usually
- prescribed. Other drugs that may be recommended are aspirin (Acetylsalicylic
- acid), indomethacin plus spironolactone, or dyrenium. Genetic counseling may
- be of benefit for patients and their families. Other treatment is
- symptomatic and supportive.
-
- Therapies: Investigational
-
- The drug Emalapril is being tried on an experimental basis to treat Bartter's
- Syndrome. It has been found to improve potassium serum levels in patients
- with this disorder. More research is needed to determine long-term
- effectiveness of this drug.
-
- This disease entry is based upon medical information available through
- December 1988. Since NORD's resources are limited, it is not possible to
- keep every entry in the Rare Disease Database completely current and
- accurate. Please check with the agencies listed in the Resources section for
- the most current information about this disorder.
-
- Resources
-
- For more information on Bartter's Syndrome, please contact:
-
- National Organization for Rare Disorders (NORD)
- P.O. Box 8923
- New Fairfield, CT 06812-1783
- (203) 746-6518
-
- National Kidney Foundation
- 2 Park Avenue
- New York, NY 10016
- (212) 889-2210
- (800) 622-9010
-
- American Kidney Fund
- 6110 Executive Blvd., Suite 1010
- Rockville, MD 20852
- (301) 881-3052
- (800) 638-8299
- (800) 492-8361 (MD)
-
- National Digestive Diseases Information Clearinghouse
- Box NDDIC
- Bethesda, MD 20892
- (301) 468-6344
-
- For Genetic Information and genetic counseling referrals:
-
- March of Dimes Birth Defects Foundation
- 1275 Mamaroneck Avenue
- White Plains, NY 10605
- (914) 428-7100
-
- Alliance of Genetic Support Groups
- 35 Wisconsin Circle, Suite 440
- Chevy Chase, MD 20815
- (800) 336-GENE
- (301) 652-5553
-
- References
-
- MENDELIAN INHERITANCE IN MAN, 7th ed.: Victor A. McKusick; Johns Hopkins
- University Press, 1986. Pp.855.
-
- THE METABOLIC BASIS OF INHERITED DISEASE, 5th Ed.: John B. Stanbury, et
- al., eds.; McGraw Hill, 1983. Pp.1816-1817.
-
- INTERNAL MEDICINE, 2nd Ed.: Jay H. Stein, ed.-in-chief; Little, Brown
- and Co., 1987. Pp.810-817
-
- THE JUXTAGLOMERULAR APPARATUS IN BARTTER'S SYNDROME AND RELATED
- TUBULOPATHIES. AN IMMUNOCYTOCHEMICAL AND ELECTRON MICROSCOPIC STUDY. R.
- Raugner, et al., Virchows Arch [A] (1988, issue 412 (5)). Pp. 459-470.
-
- TOTAL BODY POTASSIUM IN BARTTER'S SYNDROME BEFORE AND DURING TREATMENT
- WITH ENALAPRIL. A. van de Stolpe, et al., Nephron (1987, issue 45 (2)). Pp.
- 122-125.
-
- RENAL TUBULAR REABSORPTION OF CHLORIDE IN BARTTER'S SYNDROME AND OTHER
- CONDITIONS WITH HYPOKALEMIA. J. A. Rodriguez-Portales, et al., Clin Nephrol
- (December, 1986, issue 26 (6)). Pp. 269-272.
-
-